LIBERTATEA UMANĂ ÎN SPAȚIUL CREȘTIN RĂSĂRITEAN ÎN CONTEXTUL CRIZELOR GLOBALE CONTEMPORANE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10419856Keywords:
Liberty, Orthodox, Crisis, GlobalAbstract
Human Freedom in Eastern Christianity in the Context of Contemporary Global Crises.
The Fundamental crisis of Orthodoxy, which the Christian believer experiences in every Christian Liturgy, is represented by the Crucifixion of the Lord Jesus Christ. This crisis is so overwhelming for the Christian believer that, during the liturgical event, alongside Christ, he passes from the trembling and agonizing state of death to the fascinating ecstatic state of the Resurrection, thus going through, in a real and complete way, itself the redemptive work that Christ performs in the Eucharistic act: Incarnation, Crucifixion, Resurrection, Transfiguration and Ascension. Following the model of this type of divine work, the Church reveals itself to the world as a factor causing a permanent eschatological crisis, because its liturgical space expresses the tension in which the world is called to live like Christ, Who, at the same time, although he is part of the world and is in the world as a man, remains beyond her and her dimensions as God. It is the call to experience permanent eschatological, transfiguring tensions, based on the universal crisis of the crucifixion experienced by Christ on Golgotha. This is also the reason why the message of the Cross constituted for the Christian faithful, in concrete fact throughout the history of the Church, the most authentic message of crisis. In the present study we propose to present the fundamental aspects of the Orthodox liturgical space as a solution offered to the global crises of humanity today.
References
• * * *, Apologeți de limbă greacă, în col. PSB 2, traducere, introducere, note şi indice de Pr. Prof. T. Bodogae, Pr. Prof. Olimp Căciulă, Pr. Prof. D. Fecioru, București, Editura Institutului Biblic și de Misiune al Bisericii Ortodoxe Române, 1980.
• BERDYAEV, N., Salvation and Creativity: Two Understandings of Christianity, disponibil la: http://www.berdyaev.com/berdiaev/berd_lib/1926_308.html
• BERDYAEV, Nicolas, The Destiny of Man, Geoffrey Bles, London, 1935.
• BOCKMUEHL, Gary A. Anderson, Markus, (eds.), Creation Ex Nihilo: Origins, Development, Contemporary Challenges, University of Notre Dame Press, Notre Dame, 2017.
• BRIA, Ion, Liturghia după Liturghie. Misiune apostolică şi mărturie creştină – azi, București, Ed. Athena, 1996.
• CLAPHAM, Andrew, Human Rights: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2015.
• CLAPSIS, Emmanuel, The Great and Holy Council and the Orthodox Churches in the Public Sphere, in Giuseppe Giordan/Siniša Zrinščak, Global Eastern Orthodoxy. Politics, Religion, and Human Rights, Cham 2020, pp. 77–99.
• FAESEN, John, Arblaster, Rob, (eds.), Deification: Christian Doctrines of Divinization East and West, Peeters Publishers, Leuven, 2018.
• FORD, Lewis S., An Alternative to Creatio Ex Nihilo, in Religious Studies 19/2 (1983), pp. 205-213.
• GEANAKOPLOS, Deno J., Church and State in the Byzantine Empire: A Reconsideration of The Problem of Caesaropapism, in Church History: Studies in Christianity and Culture, 34, December 1965, pp. 381-403.
• GILSON, Etienne, Painting and Reality, Pantheon Books, New York, 1957.
• GODDARD, Hugh, A History of Christian-Muslim Relations, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2000.
• GROPPE, Elizabeth T., Creation Ex Nihilo and Ex Amore: Ontological Freedom in the Theologies of John Zizioulas and Catherine Mowry LaCugna, in Modern Theology, 21/3, (2005), pp. 463-496.
• HUGHES, Richard A., Nikolai Berdyaev’s Personalism, in International Journal of Orthodox Theology, 6/3, (2015), pp. 63-80.
• IDINOPULOS, Thomas A., Nicolas Berdyaev’s Ontology of Spirit, in The Journal of Religion, 49/1, (1969), pp. 84-93.
• KALAITZIDIS, Pantelis, The Eschatological Understanding of Tradition in Contemporary Orthodox Theology and Its Relevance for Today’s Issues, in Colby Dickinson/Lieven Boeve/Terrence Merrigan (eds.), The Shaping of Tradition. Context and Normativity, Leuven/Paris/Walpole MA, 2013, pp. 297–312.
• LOSSKY, Vladimir, Orthodox Theology: An Introduction, St. Vladimirs Seminary, New York, 2001.
• MAYER, Maria Hämmerli/Jean-François, Introduction, in Maria Hämmerli/Jean-François Mayer (eds.), Orthodox Identities in Western Europe. Migration, Settlement and Innovation, London 2014, pp. 1–26.
• MCLACHLAN, J., The Desire to Be God: Freedom and the Other in Sartre and Berdyaev: Studies in Phenomenological Theology, International Academic Publishers, Peter Lang Inc., 1992.
• MCLACHLAN, James, Mythology and Freedom: Nicholas Berdyaev’s Uses of Jacob Boehme’s Ungrund Myth, in Philosophy Today, 40/4, (1996), pp. 474-485.
• MORRISS, Fr. Michael Butler and Andrew P., Creation and the Heart of Man: An Orthodox Christian Perspective on Environmentalism, Acton Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 2013.
• NICKEL, James W., Making Sense of Human Rights: Philosophical Reflections on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 1987.
• NICOLAUS, Georg, C.G. Jung and Nikolai Berdyaev: Individuation and the Person: A Critical Comparison, Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group London, 2011.
• NUCHO, Fuad, Berdyaev’s Philosophy: The Existential Paradox of Freedom and Necessity: A Critical Study, Victor Gollancz Ltd, London, 1967.
• ROTARU, Ioan-Gheorghe, “Globalization and its effect on religion”, în Jurnalul Libertății de Conștiință, Mihnea Costoiu, Liviu-Bogdan Ciucă, Nelu Burcea (eds.), Les Arcs, France, Iarsic, 2014, pp.532-541.
• ROTARU, Ioan-Gheorghe, “Religious liberty – a natural human right”, în Jurnalul Libertății de Conștiință, Ganoune Diop, Mihnea Costoiu, Liviu-Bogdan Ciucă, Nelu Burcea (coord.), Les Arsc, France, Editions IARSIC, 2015, pp. 595-608.
• ROUDOMETOF, Victor, The Glocalizations of Eastern Orthodox Christianity, in European Journal of Social Theory, 16/2 (2013), pp. 226–245.
• SHAW, Malcolm N., International Law, 8th ed., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2017.
• SPINKA, Matthew, Berdyaev and Origen: A Comparison, in Church History, 16/1, (1947), pp. 3-21.
• STOEGER, David B. Burrell, Carlo Cogliati, Janet M. Soskice, William R., (eds.), Creation and the God of Abraham, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2010.
• TAYLOR, Charles, Sources of the Self: The Making of the Modern Identity, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1989.
• TIERNEY, Brian, The Idea of Natural Rights: Studies on Natural Rights, Natural Law, and Church Law 1150–1625, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, Grand Rapids, MI, 2001.
• VENTIS, Haralambos, Liberal Democracy, Spiritual Values and Nihilism: Prefatory Notes to a pending Discussion in the Orthodox World, in Hans-Peter Grosshans, Pantelis Kalaitzidis (Eds.), Politics, Society and Culture in Orthodox Theology in a Global Age, Brill Schöningh, 2023, pp. 231-251.
• YANNARAS, Christos, Elements of Faith: An Introduction to Orthodox Theology, T&T Clark, Edinburgh, 1991.
• YANNARAS, Christos, The Freedom of Morality, St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, Crestwood, NY, 1984.
• YANNARAS, Christos, The NeoHellenic Identity, 3rd ed., Gregory, Athens, 1989.
• YANNARAS, Christos, Towards a New Ecumenism, disponibil la: http://www.incommunion.org/Yannaris.htm.
• YANNARAS, Christos, Variations on the Song of Songs, Holy Cross Orthodox Press, Brookline, MA, 2005.
• ZIZIOULAS, John D., Being as Communion, St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, Crestwood, NY, 1985.
• ZIZIOULAS, John D., Human Capacity and Human Incapacity: A Theological Exploration of Personhood, in Scottish Journal of Theology, 28, (1975), pp. 401-447.
• ZIZIOULAS, John, Communion and Otherness. Further Studies in Personhood and the Church, T&T Clark, New York, 2007.
Webografie:
• Basic Teaching on Dignity, Freedom, and Rights, disponibil la: https://mospat.ru/en/documents/dignity-freedom-rights/ii/
