PRACTICA OBIECȚIEI DE CONȘTIINȚĂ CA EXPRESIE A LIBERTĂȚII DE CONȘTIINȚĂ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19499227Keywords:
conscience, thought, religion, objection, administrationAbstract
The practice of conscientious objection as an expression of freedom of conscience.
The legal practice of conscientious objection—by which individuals attempt to prove the sincerity of their nonviolent beliefs and thereby receive a form of individualized accommodation—emerged in the struggle for increasing administrative power. The practice of conscientious objection therefore tended to take an administrative form, as executive officials—rather than courts—became responsible for judging the sincerity of individual conscience. This approach to the question of conscience accompanied a more general orientation toward administrative decision-making in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, as an increasingly interconnected world demanded expert and adaptive management of workers, property owners, immigrants, and soldiers. In this study, we aim to provide a brief radiograph of this process fundamental to freedom of conscience.
References
• BERGER, V., Jurisprudenţa CEDO, Ediţia a 6-a, în limba română, Editura Institutul Român pentru Drepturile Omului, București, 2003.
• ERNST, Daniel „Ernst Freund, Felix Frankfurter and the American Rechtsstaat: A Transatlantic Shipwreck, 1894–1932”, in Studies in American Political Development, 23/2009, pp. 171-188.
• FOUCAULT, Michel, Security, Territory, Population: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1977–1978, Michel Senellart, (ed.), Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2005.
• MURARU, I., Protecția constituțională a libertății de opinie, Editura Lumina Lex, București, 1999.
• KESSLER, Jeremy, „A War for Liberty: On the Law of Conscientious Objection”, in The Cambridge History of the Second World War, Michael Geyer and Adam Tooze, (eds.), Yale University, Connecticut, 2015, pp. 447-474.
• LINDSETH, Peter L., „The Paradox of Parliamentary Supremacy: Delegation, Democracy and Dictatorship in Germany and France, 1920s–1950s”, in Yale Law Journal, 2004, pp. 1341-1415.
• MATTERS, Nadja Durbach, Bodily, The Anti-Vaccination Movement in England, 1853–1907, Duke University Press, Durham, NC, 2005.
• MCDERMOTT, James, British Military Service Tribunals, 1916–1918, Manchester University Press, Manchester, 2011.
• RAE, John, Conscience and Politics: The British Government and the Conscientious Objector to Military Service, 1916–1919, Oxford University Press, London, 1970.
• SAUNDERS, Peter Brock and Malcolm, „Pacifists as Conscientious Objectors in Australia”, in P. Brock and M. Socknat, (eds.), Challenge to Mars, pp. 272-291.
• SAYRE, John Nevin, „Political Prisoners in America”, in The Dial, 28 December 1918, pp. 623-624.
• SCHILLER, Reuel, „Reining in the Administrative State: World War II and the Decline of Expert Adminis-tration”, in Daniel Ernst and Victor Jew, (eds.), Total War and the Law: The AmericanHome Front in World War II, Conn. Praeger, Westport, 2002, pp. 185-206.
• SUDRE, Frederic, Drept european și drepturile internaționale ale omului, traducere de Raluca Bercea, Editura Polirom, Iași, 2006.
• MURARU, Ioan; TĂNĂSESCU, Elena-Simina, Constituția României: comentarii la articole, Editura C.H. Beck, București, 2008.
